Mixing machine



Feb. 9 1926.- 1,571,926

J. J. BABKA MIXING MACHINE Filed Feb. 7. 1924 s Sheets-Sheet 1 J nss uh .1 Babka MIXING MAGHINE Filed Feb. 7, 1.924 3 sheets-sheet 2 -Irmw: Jua 3h J1 Ea'bka Jw EABKA EHXING MACHINE Filed Feb. 7, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Jase Z1 JBabka Patented Feb. 9, 1926.

- 1,571,9Zti

p, omrsos'rarss PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH J. BABKA, OF BERWYN, ILLINOIS.

MIXING MACHINE.

Application. filed February 7, 1924. Serial No. 691,126.

object is to provide a new and improved device of this character, having numerous advantageous features tending to enhanced usefulness and efficiency.

More specifically, I" have devised a mixing machine which is especially adapted for dry mixing any specified materials in fine ly divided or powder form, usually as a 20 step in some processin which such materials are to be compounded into a given product. As stated, any materials whatever may be handled, the only requirements being that they be reasonably dry and in a more or less finely divided or comminuted state. As an example of a specific use to which the mixer is well adapted, may be mentioned the mixing of sand and cement as a step in the process of producing mortar or con- :B'ir crete. Another example, in a different art, is the mixing of chemicals in powder form, perhaps as a step in somemanufacturing process, or in the compounding of prescriptions by apothecaries, the size of the mixer being of course suited to the use.

In accomplishing the desired results I employ a simple but very effective arrangement. comprising essentially a plurality of superimposed screens, a plurality of interposed bafies, suitable means by which these parts are assembled into a complete mixer, and means for vibrating the mixer at a high frequency, which in its preferred form is a high speed unbalanced revolving shaft.

One particular embodiment of the invention is showi in the accompanying drawings. in which i Fig. 1 is a top view of a heavy duty div plex mixer, the right handbank of screens having been removed, however, in order to more clearly show the construction of the vibrating frame;

Fig. 2

is a side view ofthe mixer shown in Fig. 1; while Fig. 3 is a cross section through the bank of screens on the line A, Fig. 2.

Referring'to the drawings, and particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, the main frame may be of any appropriatedesign depending on the particular situation, but as shown herein comprises two heavy sill pieces, one of which is indicated in Fig. 2 by the reference character 2.

by cross pieces 3 and 4, which also serve as These sills are secured together a convenient support for the vibrating frame above. The latter consists essentially of two side pieces 5 and 6, of somewhat lighter material than the sills, two end pieces or spacers 7 and 8, two intermediate spacers 9 and 10, v two end cross pieces 11 and 12, corresponding to cross pieces 3 and 41- on the mam frame below, and twomtermediate cross pieces 13 and 14-. The various partsenumerated are fastened together in any convenient manner, although preferably this is done with screws.

The upper or vibrating frame is supported on springs, four in number, "which are interposed between the cross pieces 3 and 4 on the lower frame, and cross pieces 11 and 12 on the upper frame. Two of these springs may be seen in Fig. 2 where they are indicated by reference characters 15 and 16. Associated with the four springs are four centering bolts 20, 21 22, and 28. These bolts are rigidly attached to cross pieces 3 and 4 by nuts above and below, and pass tliru loose fitting holes in cross pieces 11 and 12. A large square iron washer may be inserted above and below eachspring to provide a suitable bearing surface, as indicated in the drawing Fig. 2.

The means for vibrating the upper frame comprises a transverse shaft 25 supported on bearings 26 and 27 rigidly secured to the frame.

The shaft is unbalanced to any necessary degree by adjustable weights 28 and 29.

Power may be supplied from any ill all)

suitable source, such as a small motor belted to the shat't. Pulley St) is provided for this purpose.

Referring now to Fig. 3. which as stated a cross section through a complete mixer removed from the vibrating t'rame, the construction of the mixer may be explained. It consists essentially of a series of separate rectanrutlar units or frames of any desired number. although nine are shown, each having; a screen and a series of battles. together with a lower trauie having a screen only. and an upper "frame ha ingneither screen nor battles and forming); a hopper. The lower trame is indicated by reference character 35. The associated screen 36. preferably of wire screen cloth. secured to the upper edges at the frame men'ibers by braces. staples. or any suitable means.

The other frames are similar to frame 35. although ol greater depth. Considering the next one up, the frame proper is indicated by reference character 37 and the attached screen b3 38. The batlles are live in number. The three inside batlles in cross section are like. an inverted V while the two outside ones are flat, as sl1mvn,.and all fire extend across the frame below the screen. To support the l .llles two notched strips are attached to two opposite frame members on the inside of the frame. The strip attached to the rear frame member of frame 3. is indicated by reference character 39. This strip oil course supports the battles at the rear and they are supported in front by a similar strip attached to the front frame member.

Frame l0 is like S'Texcept that the battles are six in number. as shown. arranged alter nately with the battles in frame 37. Frames -11 and -13 are exactly like 37. while 42 is like a). The other frames are like the ones shown but are rotated so that the bullies a re at right angles to the battles in the frames just described. Thus frames ltq lli, l6, and ell" correspond. respectively. to frames ll). ll. -12 and etil. It: is noted that in the case of frames such as ill and the supporting strii is tor the battles are seen in section, and their relation to the trame members and balllcs is perhaps more clearly indicated than in the case of frame such as 3? where a side View oi one strip only is obtained. Retcrencc characters it; and all) indicate the sup porting ips in frame 44:, and 50 and 51, those in frame 'lhe arraneement for mounting the mixers on the yiln-atinnframe ot the machine can best be explained with reference to Fig. l. where it will be seen that side members 5 and (i and spacers 8 and 1.0 torm a rectangular enclosurethe inside dimensioi'is of which. it may be stated, are the same as the outside dimensions of the mixer frames. Similarly, at the other end the spacers T and 9 coopcrate with the side members to form a second enclosure. In order to provide a solid support tor the mixer frames, rectangular bases are placed in these enclosures. The bases are indicated by reference characters 55 and ac. llase is shown in Fig. lwhere it can be seen resting on cross pieces 13 and 11.

To a -.mble the mixer. frame 37 is placed on. base all and the remaining frames are stacked up in order, as shown in Fig. 2 at the left. The assembled lrames are then clamped topjether by means of cross members (it! and (l1 and tour ela1'i'ipiu;, bolts (l2. (33. 64-, and (i5. 'l hese bolts are each Formed with a hook on the lower end which engages the lower edge oi the adjacent frame member such as or 6. A similar mixer may oi? cour e be assembled at the right on the base The arraiurements t'or conveying the ma terials to the mixing machine and for handlinn' the product may be of any suitable 'lorm known in the art. For instance, the machine may be located over a bin for receiving the mixed materials and the separate materials may be delivered by belt coni'eyors, all preferably delbicring into a common dis-barge spout arranged to discharge the materials at the center oi the top screen. of mixer. All materials are of course presized so that no large particles will be pre sented which are unable to pass the screens of the mixer.

The operation will doubtless be obvious in View of the detailed explanation of the construction but may be briefly explained as follows: ilssnn'linp' that the motor has been started, the rapidly revolving shaft 25, unbalanced by weights 29 and. 29, will cause the spring; supported frame carrying the mixers to vibrate. The vibrations, it may he stated, are o't small amplitude but of high Frequency. the speed ot the shaft being preferable in the neighborhood 0t 1800 l id. is the materials are delivered to the mixer they spread over the surface ot the top screen and the feed is adjusted to a point where the surface of the top screen is about two thirds or three quarters covered. A. ten'iporaiy increase in rate of feed will then be taken care of automatically, for the rate at which the materials pass through the top screen of course depends on the amount oi surface entered. The top screen is prelmhably of slightly smaller naue'e than the remaining screens to-avoid an possibility of choking; lower down.

la parsing the top screen the materials are deflected by the batlles to form tour relatively thin Sti'ttlli'lS each of which is composed oi materials coming through two ditlerent section's ot' the top screen. .lhe:-e streams are dcpo-iterl in iid zes on the. second screen where they spread out to some extent before passing through. On reaching the next series of baflies the materials from different sections of the screen are again combined into four streams, this time, however, the deflections being at right angles to the deflections caused by the upper bafiles. That is, the streams of material flowing through the openings between the second series of bafiies, those in frame 47, are deposited in ridges wl ich extend across the third screen in a direction parallel to'the plane of the drawing. The materials now spread out over the third screen, eventually pass through, and are again formed into streams by the third series of battles. The third set of-baffies, it will be observed, are staggered with respect to the first set, so as to provide for combining materials from two different openings in the upper series of bafiles. The process from this point onis a. repetition of what has already taken place. The materials are deposited on the remaining screens in order, being deflected first in one direction and then in the other bythe associated bafiies and eventually pass through the last screen in a thoroughly m'xed state.

The mixing action takes place through two main agencies, the screens, on which the materials spread out before passing through,

and become mixed more or les, and the baffles, which unite materials from different screen sections of thescreens' above, or looking at it in a different way, each of which divides the materials coming through a given section of the screen above into two streams and combines each of these with another stream deflected by the adjacent bafile.

It will be understood of course that the duplex construction is simply a convenient method of utilizing a single vibrating shaft, and that one mixer alone or more than two could be mounted on the same frame. lVhen using a plurality, they may work series or parallel, the former arrangement being adopted where an exceedingly intimate mixing is desired. For series working a suitable elevator must be provided to transfer the material from one end of the machine to the other, unless two complete machines are used, in which case they may be mounted one above the other so that thetop machine can feed directly into the lower one.

lVhile I have shown a certain specific construction, including a certain specific arrangement of the screens and baffles, I am aware that modifications may be made and that the various parts may be rearranged or otherwisealtered to a considerable extent without departing from the principles of my invention; I do not therefore wish to belimited to the precise form of my invention shown and described, but desire to include and have protected by Letters Patent all forms of my invention which come within the scope of the appended claims.

lVhat I claim is:

1. In a mixing machine, a series of superimposed screens, sets of baflies interposed between adjacent screens'each set being so arranged as to divide the material and deflect part in one direction and part in another, a supporting frame, and means for vibrating said frame.

2. In a mixing machine, a frame, a plurality of horizontal screens supported one above the other on said frame, means for preventing materials from flowing off the cc ges of said screens in any direction, and means for vibrating said frame,

3. In a mixing machine, sets of battles arranged in echelon, and means interposed between adjacent sets of baffles-for temporarily arresting the flow of and redistributing the materials.

4. In a mixing machine, a series of super imposed vibrating screens, and means inserted between each pair of adjacent screens for dividing the material passing through.

the upper screen of the pair and for divert ing part in one direction and part in another.

5 In a mixing machine, a series of superimposed vibrating screens, and. means for diverting the flow of material from a given section of any screen to two non-corresponding sections of the screen below.

6. In a mixing 'machine, a vibrating frame, a series of battles all in the same plane extending across said frame, a second series of baffles extending acrosssaid frame in a different plane'and in a different direction, and means for temporarily arresting the bafi les to the second.

7. In a mixing machine, a vibrating frame, a series of battles sup )orted on said frame. a second series of ba es supported on said frame in a position at right angles'to and be low said first series, and ascreen interposed between said series of bafiies.

8. In a mixing machine. a vibrating frame, groups of batlies supported on said frame, the batlies of each group lying in a different plane, other groups of battles arflow of material from the first series of ranged alternately with the said first mentioned groups and supported on said frame so as to divert the material in a different direction from that in which it is diverted by the baflies of said first groups, and means interposed between adjacent groups of battles for redistributing the material.

9. In a mixing machine, a vibrating frame, a series of superimposed screens supported on said frame, sets of battles sup-- ported on said frame in certain of the spaces between said screens, and other sets of baflies disposed at an angle horizontally to the baffles of said first mentioned sets and supported on said frame in certain other spaces between said screens.

10. In a mixing machine, a vibrating it? 'ainc, three screens supported on said t' 'anic one above the other, a ballle positioned between the top and middle screens to divert a portion of the material passing through the top screen, and a second baille positioned between the middle and loiver screens at an angle horizontally to said first baille to divert a portion of the material passing through the middle screen in a ditl'erent direction.

il. 1.. In a mixing machine, a rib 'ating frame, a pluralitg of screens spaced apart and supported on said frame one above the other. sets of bullies ar 'auged in echelon and positioned in alternate spaces between screens. and other sets of battles als an ranged in echelon and positioned in the remainder ol' the spaces between screens at an angle to the ballles oil said tirst mentioned sets.

A mixing machine comljirisiuc' a phi- 'ality o'l screen t'ralncs stacked up one above tl e ethc: and secured together; a set above the associated ballles.

13. A mixing machine compri in; a plurality oi? screen 'lrames stacked up one above the other and secured together. a set oi ba'lllcs extending transversely across each i? ante. and a screen stretched on each frame above the associated ballles, each traine being turned 90 with respect to the one below so that the bullies ot' adj ac nit sets st id at right angles to each other.

jl-l-. The process of mixing; ditlerent lll terials which consists in lloivinp; the mate-- rials by gravity in a plurality of streams in ditl'erent directions, in changing the compo sition oi the str ains and the direction at low of all the material a pin 'alitp at times. and in arresting the lion temporarih each time before the direction changed sullicient to destroy the preceding stream formation.

lb. The process ol mixing materials which consists in tormingr and reforming all the material in succ ssire pluralities of thin streams. the streams of each plurality being each composed of materials From all the streams of the preceding plurality, and in arresting the flow before each plurality ot streams is formed suliicientl to destroy the preceding stream formation. lb. The process or! mixing materials which consists in [lowing the material by gravity in a substantially vertical direction. in dividing the {low SlTzllll into a plu'ality of flow streams. in combining adjacent. streams in pairs. in arresting the llovv temporarily to destroy the stream torinations and cha rec. the relative position of adjoining; pa ticles and in agrain dividing and combining as ho fore except that the lines oi division are angularly displaced lroni the lines along; which the first divisions were made.

17. In a mixing machine. a. plurality of superimposed screens, in .ZlllS located in one space between adjacent screens for diverting the low of material in two directions, and means lo rated in another space between adjacent screens for divertinc the same malerial in two dillerent directions.

ltl. in a mining machine, a plurality oi stiperi mosed screens, and means located beneath ach sc ccn ior i-onccntrating the 1113' tcrial lowing through into a plurality o't :l'ltzll il la a niixina' machiijio. a. pluralit o'l ina rimposed screens, means located in one space between adjacent screens for concentrating the material liovvingr throng-3h the screen above into a plur: lit of striains er:- tending transversely across the machine, and means loaded in another space between adjacent screens tor can;cntratimg; the material flowing); through the screen above into a plulalitr oi streams extending transre across the machine in a dii'l'erent directitm.

co. ln a. mining ma thine a vibrating frame. a series at balllcs extending); across said l'ranie all in one plane. said balllcs being spaced close together so that the space het'WGtli adjacent ballles much less than the Width of each battle. whereby material delivered from adjacent bullies mingzles together in a. connnon streai'n. and a second series of lallles similar to said first series extending across said. frame in a dill'erent plane and in a dillln'ent direction.

ill. The process of mixii'ie' ditierent materials which consists in liowing the material by gravity. in tllVltllllfl the lion into a plurality of streams. in coi'nbining adjacent streams and in then tin-none; the material into a relatively' large plurality 05' minute streamsv and in again diridina' the lion: into a phraliiy oil? streams each ot which s ciiiniposed in part oi material lroni each of the atreann-i oi" the lirat plurality.

2:2. in a mixing}; machine. a series oi screens positioned one above the other. the openings in each oi said screens being large enough to pass all of the material. means tor \ilnrating said screens to cause male-rial supplied to the uppci screen to flow through all said screens successively. and means for diverting; the Hon oi material from the perpendicular between a djarent screens.

23. In a mixing); unichinc. a series of screens positioned one above the other, the openings in ca 1h oi said screens being); large enough to pass all of the material, means for vibrating said screens to cause unite-rial supplied to the upper screen to 'l'lOW through all said screens successively, and means inserted beneath each of a plurality of said screens for forming the material into streams.

24:. In a mixing machine, a series of screens positioned one above-the other, the openings in each of said screens being large enough to ultimately pass all the material but small enough to appreciably delay the flow and cause the material to accumulate on the screens, means for vibrating said screens to cause the material to flow through said screens successively, means located beneath one of said screens for forming the material into a plurality of streams, and means located beneath another and lower screen for again forming the material into streams each of which is composed of material from each stream of the first plurality. Signed at Chicago, county of Cook and State of Illinois, this 2d day of Feb, 1924.

' JOSEPH J BA KA. 

